Texas
Fort Washita
Friday, December 11, 2009
Today we had a fun road trip. It’s interesting how it came about. After we left Laguna Park, we stopped at a WalMart in Hillsboro, Texas. While shopping there, I happened to see a five-part documentary about the Indian Wars. I am always interested in history, and we are driving right through the old Indian Territory. It was only $5 so I bought it.
This morning was a cool morning at Lake Texoma so Bob and I decided to kick back and watch the documentary. When describing the history of the calvary, they showed where some of the forts were located. It looked like one of the forts was near where we are staying. I checked it out on the internet, and sure enough we are only 35 miles from old Fort Washita. We ate lunch and were on our way.
Fort Washita was established in 1842 near the Red River. The Red River separates Oklahoma from Texas. The Fort served as the U.S. Indian Agency from 1842 and through the 1850′s. It’s purpose was to protect the Chickasaw and Choctaw Indians from the Plains Indians in western Indian Territory.

Guard station at Fort Washita
In April of 1861, the Fort was abandoned by U.S. forces and occupied by Confederate troops throughout the Civil War. After the Civil War, the post became the residence for Douglas Cooper who had been the Indian Agent at Fort Washita. When Cooper died in 1879, the Colbert family, who were Chickasaw tribal leaders, moved onto the site. The Fort was acquired by the Oklahoma Historical Society in 1962 and designated a National Historic Landmark in 1965.
This old Fort site was fascinating. I actually stood in the ruts of the old Sante Fe Wagon Train Trail.

K.C. on the Wagon Train Road

Wagon Trail Ruts
The post well was hand dug by soldiers who lined the walls with stone.

The well at Fort Washita
Bob enjoyed checking out the reproduction of a Confederate 12-pounder gun.

Confederate 12-pounder gun
Most of the buildings have none of the wood structures left. You see only rock foundations. It is interesting to see how small the rooms were. Nearly every room had a fireplace.

Commanding Officers Quarters

Bachelor's Barracks

Kitchen

Latrines

Chimney is all that remains of these Officer's Quarters
Cooper’s cabin was a two-room, rough hewn log cabin. Cooper was the Indian Agent at Fort Washita in the 1850′s. He was a friend of Confederate President Jefferson Davis and was appointed Colonel of the Chickasaw/Choctaw Regiment. Later he served as Brigadier General. After the Civil War, he lived at Fort Washita until 1879 and was buried on the Fort grounds.

D. H. Cooper Cabin
The Chaplain’s Quarters was built about 1842. It had two main rooms, two shed rooms, and a detached kitchen. It was rebuilt in the 1930′s between the existing chimneys and is now the Visitor Center and Site Office.

Chaplain's Quarters
You can still see the cobblestone road that connected most of the post buildings.

Cobbled road
The West Barracks were built in 1856 from local limestone. The upper floors had company quarters and orderly rooms for company sergeants. The ground floor consisted of kitchens, mess hall, and commissary storage. After the Civil War, the Colbert family used it as their home until it burned in 1917.

West Barracks

Inside the West Barracks
Army regulations allowed for four washerwomen per company. The washerwomen received one ration per day and a fee for laundry. In 1854, the monthly rate was 75 cents per enlisted man. Often the wives of enlisted men served as laundresses and the fees provided for their subsistence as enlisted men received no family allowance.

Laundry
The South Barracks were built in 1849. It was 120 feet long and 30 feet wide with a surrounding veranda. Company quarters and orderly rooms were upstairs, and mess halls and commissary storage was on the first floor. Double fireplaces separated the company rooms and the mess halls. These barracks were reconstructed in 1972.

Bob on military road to South Barracks

Bob inside South Barracks

South Barracks fireplace

South Barracks Stairs

South Barracks Veranda

KC on South Barracks Veranda

South Barracks
The South Barracks is rented out to groups of “reenactors.” There was a group there while we toured the Fort. They dress in period costumes and stay for a weekend or a week living as people did in the old days. What a fun hobby.



The Fort also had a blacksmith shop, stables, a school and the Adjutant’s Office. The is a Confederate Cemetary there.

Confederate Flag at Cemetary

The remains of U.S. soldiers who died before the Civil War were removed to the Fort Gibson National Cemetary in the 1870′s. A Chickasaw burial ground is located at the Fort, and there is a current civilian cemetary there also.
We headed on home, stopping at Braum’s Ice Cream for a banana split. It was a very interesting day that we would never have experienced had I not bought the documentary about the Indian Wars.